Karenia brevis SP3

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Environmental Data
Principle Investigator(s)	Lisa Campbell
External sample ID	SP3_27
NCGR Sample ID	MMETSP0528_2
Sample accession number	CAM_SMPL_002825
Assembly accession number	CAM_ASM_000643
Combined Assembly Name	Karenia-brevis-SP3
Genus	Karenia
Species	brevis
Strain	SP3
Clonal	Yes
Axenic	No
Prelim. NCBI Taxon ID	156230
18S rRNA	TGCCAGTAGTCATATGCTTGTCTCAAAGATTAAGCCATGCATGTCTCAGTATAAGCTTCTATACGGCGAAACTGCGAATGGCTCATTAAAACAGTTATAGTTTATTTGATGGTCATTCATTACATGGATAACTTTGGAAATTCTAGAGCTAATACATGCGCCCAAACCCGACTTCTTGGAAGGGTTGTGTTTATTAGATACAGAACCAACCCAGGCCCTGCCTGGTCTTGTGGTGATTCATAATAACCGAACGAATCGCATTGCATCAGCTGGCGATAGATCATTCAAGTTTCTGACCTATCAGTTTCCGACGGTAGGGTATTGGCCTACCGTGGCATTGACGGGTAACGGAGAATTAGGGTTCGATTCCGGAGAGGGAGCCTGAGAAACGGCTACCACATCTAAGGAAGGCAGCAGGCGCGCAAATTACCCAATCCTGACACAGGGAGGTAGTGACAAGAAATAACAATACAGGGCATCCATGTCTTGTAATTGGAATGAGTAGAATTTAAATCCCTTTGCGAGTATCAATTGGAGGGCAAGTCTGGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATTCCAGCTCCAATAGCGTATATTAAAGTTGTTGCGGTTAAAAAGCTCGTAGTTGGATTTCTGCCGAGGACGACCGGTCCGCCCTCTGGGTGAGTATCTGGCTCGGCTTGGGCATCTTCTTGGAGAACGTAGCTGCACTTGACTGTGTGGTGCGGTATCCAGGACTTTTACTTTGAGGAAATTAGAGTGTTTCAAGCAGGCATACGCCTTGAATACATTAGCATGGAATAATAAGATAGGACCTCGGTTCTATTTTGTTGGTTTCTAGAGCTGAGGTAATGATTAATAGGGATAGTTGGGGGCATTCGTATTTAACTGTCAGAGGTGAAATTCTTGGATTTGTTAAAGACGGACTACTGTGAAAGCATTTGCCAAGGATGTTTTCATTGATCAAGAACGAAAGTTAGGGGATCGAAGACGATCAGATACCGTCCTAGTCTTAACCATAAACCATGCCGACTAGAGATTGGAGGTCGTTACTTATACGACTCCTTCAGCACCTTATGAGAAATCAAAGTCTTTGGGTTCCGGGGGGAGTATGGTCGCAAGGCTGAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGAAGGGCACCACCAGGAGTGGAGCCTGCGGCTTAATTTGACTCAACACGGGGAAACTTACCAGGTCCAGACATAGTAAGGATTGACAGATTGATAGCTCTTTCTTGATTCTATGGGTGGTGGTGCATGGCCGTTCTTAGTTGGTGGAGTGATTTGTCTGGTTAATTCCGTTAACGAACGAGACCTTAACCTGCTAAATAGTTACACGTAACTTCGGTTACGTGGGCAACTTCTTAGAGGGACTTTGCGTGTCTAACGCAAGGAAGTTTGAGGCAATAACAGGTCTGTGATGCCCTTAGATGTTCTGGGCTGCACGCGCGCTACACTGATGCGCTCAACGAGTTTTCGACCTTGCCCGGAAGGGTTGGGTAATCTTTTTAAAACGCATCGTGATGGGGATAGATTATTGCAATTATTAATCTTCAACGAGGAATTCCTAGTAAGCGCGAGTCATCAGCTCGTGCTGATTACGTCCCTGCCCTTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCGCTCCTACCGATTGAGTGATCCGGTGAATAATTCGGACTGCCGCAGTGTTCAGATCCTGAACGTTGCAGTGGAAAGTTTAGTGAACCTT
Importance of organism and transcriptomes	Karenia brevis is a planktonic dinoflagellate that produces harmful algal blooms almost every year in the Gulf of Mexico. Most strains of K. brevis produce a suite of toxic compounds including brevetoxins (2 main backbone types, PbTx-1 and -2) that are potent neurotoxins. The dominant life history stage of dinoflagellates is haploid, and the sexual stages and resting cysts (if any) are not well known for K. brevis. Most clonal cultures of K. brevis produce ~10-20 pg brevetoxin per cell and this is mostly PbTx-2 (90% of total toxin). The SP1 clone produces extremely low levels of brevetoxin (or, none). The toxin synthesis pathway and the function of brevetoxin in K. brevis is not known, therefore transcriptome data for SP1 clone in comparison with data from other clones (such as SP3, which produces mostly PbTx-1 and Wilson, which produces consistly high levels) will be informative. The comparative approach is valuable as no experimental genetic system (e.g. knock-out mutants) is available. Karenia brevis is a planktonic dinoflagellate that produces harmful algal blooms almost every year in the Gulf of Mexico. Most strains of K. brevis produce a suite of toxic compounds including brevetoxins (2 main backbone types, PbTx-1 and -2) that are potent neurotoxins. The dominant life history stage of dinoflagellates is haploid, and the sexual stages and resting cysts (if any) are not well known for K. brevis. Most clonal cultures of K. brevis produce ~10-20 pg brevetoxin per cell and this is mostly PbTx-2 (90% of total toxin). The SP1 clone produces extremely low levels of brevetoxin (or, none). The toxin synthesis pathway and the function of brevetoxin in K. brevis is not known, therefore transcriptome data for SP1 clone in comparison with data from other clones (such as SP3, which produces mostly PbTx-1 and Wilson, which produces consistly high levels) will be informative. The comparative approach is valuable as no experimental genetic system (e.g. knock-out mutants) is available.
Additional citations and references	Errera, R. M., Bourdelais, A., Drennan, M. A., Dodd, E. B., Henrichs, D. W. & Campbell, L. 2010. Variation in brevetoxin and brevenal content among clonal cultures of Karenia brevis may influence bloom toxicity. Toxicon 55:195-203; Daugbjerg, N. G. Hansen, J. Larsen, and O. Moestrup. 2000. Phylogeny of some of the major genera of dinoflagellates based on ultrstructure and partial LSU rDNA sequence data, including the erection of three new general of unarmoured dinoflagellates. Phycologia 39(4): 302-317.
Primary citation for organism's characterization, if available	Henrichs, D. W., Renshaw, M. A., Santamaria, C. A., Richardson, B., Gold, J. R. & Campbell, L. 2008. PCR amplification of microsatellites from single cells of Karenia brevis preserved in Lugol's iodine solution. Marine Biotechnology 10:122-27.
Collection date	01-OCT-99
Sample collection site	Gulf of Mexico
Other collection site info	South Padre Island
Sample material (e.g. "seawater," "sediment," etc.)	seawater
ENVO term for habitat - primary term	Acquatic: marine
Habitat description	coastal harmful algal bloom
Other environmental metadata available	Haplotype based on 18 microsatellite loci at http://oceanz.tamu.edu/~campbell/gmx_msat/
Other environmental metadata available	Haplotype based on 18 microsatellite loci at http://oceanz.tamu.edu/~campbell/gmx_msat/
Habitat	marine habitat
Country	UNITED STATES
Experimental Data
Date of experiment	08-APR-11
Growth medium	L1 amended seawater
Modifications to growth medium	NA
Temperature (ºC)	25
Salinty (psu)	27
pH	8.3
Light (µmol photons / m2 / sec)	70
Day portion of day:night cycle in hours	12
Night portion of day:night cycle in hours	12
Nitrate (μmol/L)	882
Phosphate (μmol/L)	36.2
Trace elements (total) (nmol/L)	25
Prey organism, if applicable (genus and species)	NA
Investigation type	Eukaryotes
Other experimental metadata available	rapid shift to salinity of 27